Simply put, some states are much more populated than others. Take Wisconsin and California, I think they're the most and least populated areas. Since California has almost 40 mill people, the votes there has much less value than a vote in a more rural state. One vote in CF is about 3 in WSC. It's an old and outdated custom, for two main reasons; In the old days, politicans didn't trust the people. They were said to be ignorant of politics and this was a way of keeping things at bay. Second reason is since the US has a big population, it is easier to count the votes state by state and not all at once. But now it's easier to count and all so..
Btw, this is quite sad and interesting. The statistics say;
46.9% did not vote
25.6% voted for Clinton
25.5% voted for Trump
1.7% voted for Gary Johnson
So Obama has fought against a republican senate for 8 years. I have a lot of respect for that man, but now there will be a republican president and a republican senate. Not to mention the worst of the worst, Mike Pence. To those who tried to stop this, I give you all my condolences.
He did not fight against a Republican Senate for 8 years.
In 2009 Democrats had control over the house and a filibuster proof majority Senate (60 votes). In 2009 Ted Kennedy dies and Republican Scott Brown is elected in March 2010. For the remainder of the year Democrats had 59 Senate Votes and control of the house.
Democrats gets creamed in the 2010 midterms and lose control over the house, but maintain control over the Senate. This remains the case after 2012 Presidential elections. In the 2014, Democrats lose control over the Senate.
Upon Obama's election in 2008 Democrats had a unified government far stronger than what Trump is going to get and they pissed it away cramming ObamaCare down an unwilling populace's throat. Moreover, many President's have faced split governments at one time or another. The last two years of Bush...he had to face a Democratic Senate and house like Obama.
In short: Obama had 2 years of unified government, a split congress for 4, and a unified Congress (of the opposing party) for 2.
As for the electoral college:
There are 435 members of the House and 100 members of the Senate.
2 Senators for each State and Representatives are based on population. The numbers of representatives per state change based on every 10 year census, but the number, as fixed by amendment, will always be 435. Thus, if one state gains a representative it means another state lost one.
The number of electoral votes for a state is equal to the total number of representatives 2 (for each senator) + the number of house seats. For example California had 55 electoral votes (53 house seats + 2 senators).
To win the electoral college the winner must have a majority of votes (i.e. at least 270). If no one gets a majority then the President is chosen by the house. This has happened only one time with the election of John Quincy Adams (electoral votes were split between four candidates).
As far as how those electoral votes are awarded...it's up to each state. Virtually all states have a winner take all based on popular vote. The candidate with the most votes in the state gets all the State's electoral votes. Maine is an exception. Nebraska was at one time, but I'm not sure if that is still true.
As for why its used:
http://www.history.c...ectoral-college
There is a short overview. It really doesn't do it justice as to the reasons why, but it's a general idea. During the constitution convention there was a genuine fear among smaller state's that their interests would be trampled and ignored by the more populous states, these concerns can be seen in things like the construction of the Senate and electoral college, though that is not the only reason why the electoral college.
Finally, there is nothing "sad" about it. It's been in place for more than 200 years and the campaigns build their strategies based on it. There is a reason why candidates spend lots of time and money in say Florida and virtually none in Texas and California. They are known and the candidates act on it. In fact, Democrats were crowing about how the electoral college was why Trump had no chance. He was never going to break the blue wall. They only complained about it when they they lost and with very few exceptions only complain about when they lose this way. I'm open to good faith arguments for alternations, I'm not open to arguments rooted in colossal butt hurt, which seems to be what's driving much of the complaining right now.